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Check Digit Calculator
Government

Missing Digit Solver

Find digits that can fill an unknown identifier position while satisfying its checksum. Review all candidates and ambiguity limits.

Last updated:

Government & Identity Numbers

Find checksum-compatible missing digits.

Length: 10 chars
Calculated Check Character / Checksum
--Ready
Complete Validated Sequence:
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Arithmetic Steps & Mathematical Specification

Initialising algorithm engine for Missing Digit Solver...

How Missing Digit Solver Works?

The Missing Digit Solver works by trying all 10 digits in the unknown position and keeping only the candidates that make the identifier pass its checksum. Most schemes leave exactly 1 candidate.

  1. 1Enter the identifier with ? in place of the unreadable digit.
  2. 2Select the checksum scheme.
  3. 3Replace ? with 0, 1, 2 … 9 in turn.
  4. 4Validate each candidate with the scheme.
  5. 5List every candidate that passes.

Missing Digit Solver Formula

The solver formula is Solutions = { d ∈ 0…9 : valid(code with ? = d) }.

Solutions = { d ∈ {0,…,9} | valid_scheme(code[? := d]) }
  • code[? := d] is the code with digit d in the unknown position.
Worked example: EAN-13 5901?34123457
Try ? = 0: invalid
Try ? = 1: invalid
Try ? = 2: valid
Try ? = 3: invalid
Try ? = 4: invalid
Try ? = 5: invalid
Try ? = 6: invalid
Try ? = 7: invalid
Try ? = 8: invalid
Try ? = 9: invalid
Solution = 2 → 5901234123457

Missing Digit Solver Conversion Table

The Missing Digit Solver table lists codes with 1 unknown digit and the solutions per scheme.

SchemeCode with gapSolutionsCount
EAN-135901?3412345721
EAN-13590123412?45731
Luhn799?739871321
ISBN-1003064?615201
Verhoeff23?361
Damm5?2471
Simple sum mod 1012?411

A scheme with weights that share a factor with the modulus leaves 2 or more candidates. The simple sum example shows the opposite case: exactly 1 candidate, but no transposition protection.

What is Missing Digit Solver?

A Missing Digit Solver is a tool that recovers 1 unreadable digit of an identifier by testing which values satisfy the checksum. Any scheme that detects all single-digit errors gives exactly 1 solution.

The solver needs the check digit itself to be readable; a missing check digit is a generation task, not a solving task.

What are the uses of Missing Digit Solver?

There are 3 main uses of the Missing Digit Solver, including damaged labels, faded documents, and partial records.

  • Damaged labels: Warehouse staff recover digits from torn barcodes.
  • Faded documents: Archivists complete numbers on old paperwork.
  • Partial records: Data teams repair records with 1 lost digit.